“Cyber-bullying: Horror in the home”, and “It’s time to stop the cyberbullying epidemic”, are some of the headlines claiming that social media have created a new demon: cyberbullying. Intervention efforts should need to include a focus on traditional bullying. Adolescents that are bullied experience more behavior and self-esteem problems and those bullied by various means (poly-victims) are the most severely affected. The majority of cyber-victims are bullied traditionally, i.e., directly or relationally in their peer group. Intervention strategies against cyberbullying may need to include approaches against traditional bullying and its root causes to be successful.Ĭyberbullying creates very few new victims. Cyberbullying extends the reach of bullying beyond the school gate. Cyberbullying creates few new victims, but is mainly a new tool to harm victims already bullied by traditional means. However, those bullied by multiple means (poly-victims) had the most difficulties with behavior (z = −0.94) and lowest self-esteem ( z = −0.78). Compared to direct or relational victims, cyber-victimization had similar negative effects on behavior ( z = −0.41) and self-esteem ( z = −0.22) compared to those not involved in bullying. Twenty-nine percent reported being bullied but only 1% of adolescents were pure cyber-victims (i.e., not also bullied traditionally). Pupils completed an electronic survey that measured bullying involvement, self-esteem and behavioral problems. This study assessed 2745 pupils, aged 11–16, from UK secondary schools. But does it create many new victims beyond those already bullied with traditional means (physical, relational)? Our aim was to determine whether cyberbullying creates uniquely new victims, and whether it has similar impact upon psychological and behavioral outcomes for adolescents, beyond those experienced by traditional victims. Cyberbullying has been portrayed as a rising ‘epidemic’ amongst children and adolescents.
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